• RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
• INTRODUCTION
o What is lignin?
Lignin structure
o Types of lignin
Table Technical lignin types and applications.
Sulfur containing lignin
Table Classification of technical lignins.
Sulfur-free lignin from biorefinery process
o Properties
Table Lignin content of selected biomass.
Table Properties of lignins and their applications.
o The lignocellulose biorefinery
o Markets and applications
Table Example markets and applications for lignin.
o Challenges for using lignin
• LIGNIN PRODUCTON PROCESSES
o Table Processes for lignin production.
o Lignosulphonates
o Kraft Lignin
LignoBoost process
LignoForce method
Sequential Liquid Lignin Recovery and Purification
A-Recovery+
o Soda lignin
o Biorefinery lignin
Table Biorefinery feedstocks.
Table Comparison of pulping and biorefinery lignins.
Commercial and pre-commercial biorefinery lignin production facilities and processes
Table Commercial and pre-commercial biorefinery lignin production facilities and processes
o Organosolv lignins
o Hydrolytic lignin
• MARKETS FOR LIGNIN
o Market drivers and trends for lignin
Table Market drivers and trends for lignin.
o Lignin industry developments 2020-2021
Table Lignin industry developments 2020-2021.
o Production capacities
Technical lignin availability (dry ton/y)
Table Production capacities of technical lignin producers.
Biomass conversion (Biorefinery)
Table Production capacities of biorefinery lignin producers.
o Estimated consumption of lignin
Table Estimated consumption of lignin, 2019-2031 (000 MT).
o Prices
o Heat and power energy
o Pyrolysis and syngas
o Aromatic compounds
Benzene, toluene and xylene
Table Prices of benzene, toluene, xylene and their derivatives.
Phenol and phenolic resins
Vanillin
o Plastics and polymers
Table Application of lignin in plastics and polymers.
o Hydrogels
o Carbon materials
Carbon black
Activated carbons
Carbon fiber
o Concrete
o Rubber
o Biofuels
o Bitumen and Asphalt
o Oil and gas
o Energy storage
Supercapacitors
Anodes for lithium-ion batteries
Table Lignin-derived anodes in lithium batteries.
Gel electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries
Binders for lithium-ion batteries
Cathodes for lithium-ion batteries
Sodium-ion batteries
o Binders, emulsifiers and dispersants
Table Application of lignin in binders, emulsifiers and dispersants.
o Chelating agents
o Ceramics
o Automotive interiors
o Fire retardants
o Antioxidants
o Lubricants
o Dust control
• COMPANY PROFILES
o Key players
o Aemetis, Inc.
o Andritz AG
o Anellotech, Inc.
o Attis Innovations, llc
o Avantium NV
o Blue Biofuels, Inc.
o Bloom Biorenewables SA
o The Borregaard Group
o Burgo Group S.p.A.
o Cellicon B.V.
o CH-Bioforce Oy
o Chempolis Oy
o CIMV
o Clariant AG
o Domsjö Fabriker AB
o Domtar Paper Company LLC
o Enerkem, Inc.
o Enviral
o FP Innovations
o Fraunhofer Center for Chemical-Biotechnological Processes CBP
o Fraunhofer Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability LBF
o Futurity Bio-Ventures Ltd.
o G+E GETEC Holding GmbH
o Global Bioenergies SA
o Graanul Biotech OU
o Granbio Technologies
o Hexion Inc
o Ingevity
o Iogen Corporation
o Kanteleen Voima
o Klabin S.A.
o Leaf Resources Ltd.
o LignoPure GmbH
o Lixea
o LXP Group GmbH
o Mehler Engineered Products GmbH
o Metgen Oy
o Mobius
o NewEnergyBlue LLC
o Nippon Paper Industries, Co. Ltd.
o Novozymes A/S
o ORLEN Po³udnie
o Praj Industries Ltd.
o PRISMA Renewable Composites
o Pure Lignin Environmental Technology Ltd.
o Rayonier Advanced Materials
o RenCom AB
o RenFuel
o Renmatix
o Resolute Forest Products, Inc.
o RISE Research Institutes of Sweden AB
o Sainc Energy Limited
o SAPPI Biotech
o Sekab E-Technology AB
o Soma Bioworks/White Lemur Co.
o Spero Renewables
o St1 Oy
o Stora Enso Oyj
o SunCoal Industries GmbH
o Suzano SA
o Sweetwater Energy
o TECNARO GmbH
o UPM Biochemicals
o Valmet Oyj
o Versalis SpA
o Vertoro
o West Fraser Timber Co Ltd.
o Xingzhenghe Chemical Co., Ltd.
• REFERENCES
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